Korean Pronunciation Rules

Why 한국어 sounds like [한구거]: 8 rules, each with words you can hear.

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1. Linking 연음

A final consonant moves to the next syllable when it starts with silent ㅇ.

2. 7 final sounds 받침 대표음

At the end of a syllable, only ㄱ ㄴ ㄷ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅇ can be pronounced. ㅋ→ㄱ, ㅅ/ㅈ/ㅊ/ㅌ/ㅎ→ㄷ, ㅍ→ㅂ.

3. Nasalization 비음화

ㄱ, ㄷ, ㅂ become ㅇ, ㄴ, ㅁ before ㄴ or ㅁ. This is why every -습니다 sounds like [슴니다].

4. Liquidization 유음화

ㄴ next to ㄹ becomes ㄹ, so you hear a long l sound.

5. Aspiration 거센소리되기

ㅎ next to ㄱ, ㄷ, ㅂ, ㅈ merges with them into ㅋ, ㅌ, ㅍ, ㅊ.

6. Silent ㅎ ㅎ 탈락

A final ㅎ disappears before a vowel.

7. Palatalization 구개음화

ㄷ or ㅌ followed by 이 sounds like 지 or 치.

8. Tensing 된소리되기

After a final ㄱ, ㄷ or ㅂ sound, the next ㄱ ㄷ ㅂ ㅅ ㅈ become ㄲ ㄸ ㅃ ㅆ ㅉ.

Why Korean is not read letter by letter

Korean spelling keeps the original form of each word part, while speech smooths the joins between syllables. Learning these 8 rules explains almost every "it doesn't sound like it's written" moment for beginners.

Which rules to learn first

  1. Linking and 7 final sounds: you need them from day one.
  2. Nasalization: you use it every time you say -습니다 or -ㅂ니다.
  3. The others come naturally as you meet more words.

Don't memorize the names. Listen, repeat, and check new words with the checker above.

Based on the Standard Pronunciation rules (표준 발음법) of the National Institute of Korean Language.

FAQ

Do Koreans always follow these rules?

Yes in natural speech. When speaking very slowly or spelling a word out, people may say each syllable separately.

Why does the checker show a different result from a dictionary?

A few words need dictionary information, such as the extra ㄴ sound in some compound words. Check the Standard Korean Dictionary (stdict.korean.go.kr) for the official pronunciation.